Что такое Markdown? Полное объяснение языка лёгкой разметки
Quick Answer
Markdown — plain-text язык разметки с простыми символами: # для headings, ** для bold, * для italic, - для списков, [text](url) для ссылок. Разработан для читаемости как plain text и конвертации в HTML. Используйте наш бесплатный Markdown to HTML Converter.
Introduction
Markdown — лёгкий язык разметки, созданный John Gruber в 2004, использующий plain-text форматирование для структурированных документов. Цель — читаемость —исходный Markdown должен выглядеть как то, что представляет, без визуального clutter HTML-тегов. Markdown — стандарт для README на GitHub, документации, блогпостов и приложений заметок вроде Obsidian и Notion.
Step by Step
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Learn the basic syntax
Headings: # H1, ## H2, ### H3. Bold: **text**. Italic: *text*. Lists: - item or 1. item. Links: [text](url). Images: . Code: `inline` or ```block```. Blockquotes: > quote. Horizontal rule: ---.
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Understand the philosophy
Markdown is designed to be readable as plain text. The source should look close to the final rendered output — **bold** looks like bold, # Heading looks like a heading. This contrasts with HTML, where <strong>bold</strong> and <h1>Heading</h1> are visually cluttered.
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Learn the variants
Original Markdown (Gruber's spec) is minimal. CommonMark is a standardized, well-specified version. GitHub Flavored Markdown (GFM) adds tables, strikethrough, task lists, and autolinks. MDX lets you embed React components in Markdown. Most tools support GFM.
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Convert Markdown to HTML
Markdown is converted to HTML for web publishing. # Hello becomes <h1>Hello</h1>, **bold** becomes <strong>bold</strong>. Static site generators (Astro, Hugo, Jekyll) convert Markdown at build time. Use our Markdown to HTML Converter for instant conversion.
Examples
Heading and paragraph
Input: # Title
A paragraph.
Output: <h1>Title</h1>
<p>A paragraph.</p>
Bold and italic
Input: **bold** and *italic*
Output: <strong>bold</strong> and <em>italic</em>
Link and image
Input: [text](https://example.com) and 
Output: <a href="https://example.com">text</a> and <img src="image.png" alt="alt">
Common Problems
- Line breaks —a single newline in Markdown does not create a line break in HTML. Use two spaces at the end of a line, or two newlines for a paragraph break.
- Nested lists —indentation matters. Use 2 or 4 spaces consistently for nested items; mixing them can break the list structure.
- Raw HTML —most Markdown parsers pass through raw HTML, but some sanitize it. Check your parser's behavior if you embed HTML directly.
- Different flavors —Original Markdown, CommonMark, and GFM have subtle differences. Check which flavor your target platform supports.
Tips
- Use Markdown for writing and documentation —it is much easier to read and write than HTML.
- GitHub Flavored Markdown (GFM) is the most common variant —it adds tables, strikethrough, and task lists.
- Write in Markdown and convert to HTML at build time for blogs and documentation sites.
- Use our Markdown to HTML Converter to render Markdown instantly in your browser.